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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants are the most commonly prescribed drugs for ADHD and can boost and balance levels of brain chemicals. However, they do not cure the condition and will only help with symptoms as long as they're taken regularly. The side effects of ADHD medication may include changes in blood pressure and heart rate as well as upset stomach anxiety and tics. Some teens and children who take stimulant medications experience a slight reduction in their growth. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a stimulant for the central nervous system and is the most widely prescribed medication for ADHD. It comes in a variety of forms, such as a liquid chewable tablet, an orally disintegrating tablet, which acts long and has an extended release. The drug is effective by increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, which helps to improve concentration. It can also help reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression. When used in conjunction with other treatments like behavioral therapy, methylphenidate could be a very effective treatment for ADHD. Methylphenidate blocks the transporters that are normally responsible for removing these neurotransmitters from the brain. The drug may cause a slight increase in blood pressure and heart rate. It may also trigger rapid changes in blood sugar levels, which is why those with diabetes must be careful when taking this medication. Speak to your doctor when you notice any of these signs. Methylphenidate can also trigger Raynaud's phenomenon which causes numbness in the fingers and feet. It is a rare but serious side effect. It is crucial to inform your doctor in the event that these symptoms occur. Some people are concerned that methylphenidate can slow down the growth of children. However this hasn't been proved. If your child is taking methylphenidate make sure you be attentive to their weight and height. If your child is taking tablets containing methylphenidate and phenylalanine is present, it could pose a risk to children with Phenylketonuria. Consult your physician about a different formulation of methylphenidate if you have PKU. Certain people have issues with stimulants which are the primary choice of medication for treating ADHD. In these cases, doctors could prescribe another medication that performs in a similar way. Besides methylphenidate, there are other stimulants like dexamfetamine and Lisdexamfetamine. These drugs can last for longer and are stronger than methylphenidate. They are typically taken between two and three times a day However, some people take them more frequently. There are also psychological treatments for ADHD, but these are not as effective as stimulants. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine, also known under the brand name Strattera, is a non-stimulant ADHD medication that improves concentration and reduces hyperactivity and impulsiveness. It's part of a group of medications known as selective norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitors. It increases levels of norepinephrine and dopamine, two chemical messengers that regulate the brain's activity. It is popular among people of all ages who need a different medication than stimulants such as Adderall or Vyvanse. It is important to know that atomoxetine does not work immediately. It could take up to 6 weeks before the effects of this drug are evident. There are also negative side effects, such as nausea and drowsiness. For most patients the advantages of taking atomoxetine far outweigh any risks. The effectiveness of atomoxetine was confirmed in a multisite double-blind placebo-controlled trial with 297 ADHD patients ages 12 to 18. Participants were randomly assigned to receive the daily dose of atomoxetine 0.6 mg/kg or 1.2 mg/kg or a placebo for 9 weeks. Both the atomoxetine group and the placebo group experienced a reduction in symptoms of depression. The atomoxetine treatment group had better improvement in ADHD symptoms than the placebo group. However the improvement was only modest (Michelson and colleagues 2001). In a second open study that included 10 ADHD patients who were not responding to stimulants received the treatment of atomoxetine for eight weeks. The atomoxetine treatment group demonstrated improvements in ADHD symptoms in comparison to placebo, with scores on Conners Adult ADHD Scale Investigator Screening version rated and Clinical Global Impression of Severity scales improving significantly. adult add medications had to withdraw due to a skin rash. Three patients reported transient gastrointestinal disturbances and one reported increased fatigue (Kratochvil and colleagues, 2005). Before beginning treatment with atomoxetine to your doctor about your health history and any other supplements or medications that you are taking. This includes herbal remedies and prescription medications. It is especially important to tell your doctor if you suffer from narrow-angle glaucoma, thyroid tumor or adrenal gland tumor or high blood pressure, heart disease or an unusually sudden death. You should stay clear of the use of atomoxetine when you've been taking an MAO-inhibitor, such isocarboxazid or linezolid in the last 14 days, or rasagiline Methylene Blue Injection phenelzine, or tranylcypromine. Bupropion Bupropion, a non-stimulant, can help to improve ADHD symptoms. It can also decrease the impulsivity of children and improve focus. However, it does not affect the brain the same way that stimulants do. It's only available with a prescription. Your doctor will determine the most appropriate dosage for you. Bupropion comes in tablets and extended-release capsules. It is important to take the medication as instructed. You might experience withdrawal symptoms if you stop suddenly. The typical dosage is two or three doses daily divided by four to six hours. The dosage can range from 100mg two or three times a day to 150mg three or four times every day. The drug is absorbed in the digestive tract, and then is excreted in urine, which means it isn't able to enter breast milk. However, it can be absorbed into the bloodstream and affect other organs. Bupropion may increase blood pressure, which is why it's important to check it often. Bupropion is a great drug that, in addition to reducing ADHD symptoms and reducing depression, also helps to reduce the symptoms of ADHD. It is also a treatment for bipolar disorder. It works by blocking the dopamine receptors that are located in your brain. This blocks the neurotransmitter dopamine, from reaching your brain. This helps to stabilize your mood. Bupropion may interact with other drugs. Inform your doctor if you're taking any other medication. It's important to let your doctor know that you suffer from any allergies. Also, stay clear of caffeine and other stimulants, which can make the side effects worse. In several studies the bupropion drug was compared with placebos for adults with ADHD. The results of these studies were mixed and the majority of them were not well-designed. A majority of these studies excluded people with psychiatric disorders co-morbidity. Nevertheless, the data suggest that bupropion may have a small impact on ADHD. More research is required to determine positive outcomes for patients, including the improvement in their quality of life. Furthermore, a better understanding of the molecular subtypes of ADHD is required before effective treatment can be created. This is a greater understanding of the relationship between the different molecular pathways. It's also important to understand how anti-ADHD drugs work in conjunction with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants If the stimulants prescribed to children suffering from ADHD aren't effective or cause adverse side effects, doctors might look to antidepressants for treatment. These drugs, like imipramine and Nortriptyline (Aventyl and Pamelor) boost the neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, which aids in helping people focus. These older medications can cause serious side negative effects. They are typically used when other medications fail. The first choice of antidepressants in depression is usually a serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) like fluoxetine, sertraline or citalopram. However, tricyclic antidepressants that have been around for a long time, can be used in some cases. They are effective in treating neuropathic and other pains however their antidepressant effect is not the same. They increase the potency of noradrenephrine by reducing its reuptake, and also act as descending modulators of pain pathways in the spinal cord. SSRIs have a lower risk of toxicity and less serious adverse effects than tricyclic antidepressants. They are also less harmful during pregnancy and do not appear to be teratogenic for humans or animals. However, they can cause significant withdrawal symptoms if abruptly stopped. To lessen the negative side effects, your doctor may suggest reducing your dose gradually over several weeks. Although not officially recognized by the FDA as an adhd medication, bupropion is a commonly prescribed antidepressant off-label to treat ADHD. It is believed to work by increasing the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine and acetylcholine within the brain, which improves concentration. It's also known to relieve anxiety, and it can be utilized in conjunction with stimulants for more rapid and sustained results. Although there aren't any other FDA-approved nonstimulant drugs for ADHD, many people do feel relief through the use of dietary supplements and herbs. A diet low in sugar and fat can aid in reducing ADHD symptoms. Some people might also benefit from abstaining from caffeine. It's important to tell your doctor about all the medications that you or your child takes, including over-the-counter medications and herbal remedies. This will help minimize unwanted side effects and help prevent interactions. ADHD medications can affect people differently. It may take some trial and error before you discover the ideal dosage and dose for your child or yourself.